AI Analysis: Labour force characteristics by visible minority group, three-month moving averages, monthly, unadjusted for seasonality

Executive Summary

Statistics Canada's Table 14100373 reveals persistent labour market disparities between visible minority and non-visible minority Canadians from 2022 to 2025, with visible minorities showing stronger labour force engagement (participation rate of 71.3% vs. 62.9%) yet facing a significantly higher unemployment rate (7.4% vs. 5.0%). The dataset, covering 239,782 records across 16 population groups, 10 labour force metrics, and 7 geographies, is heavily right-skewed due to the mix of large population counts and small percentage rates. These patterns highlight that despite active labour market participation, visible minority groups continue to face structural barriers to employment in Canada.

Key Findings

• Visible minorities have a higher average employment rate (66.0%) than non-visible minorities (59.8%) and the total population (61.7%), indicating stronger overall labour market attachment.
• Despite higher participation, visible minorities face a persistently elevated unemployment rate averaging 7.4% — approximately 2.4 percentage points above the non-visible minority average of 5.0% — with a peak of 9.2%.
• The dataset contains 239,782 valid records with values ranging from 0.2 to 34,338.1, and is heavily right-skewed: the mean (311.1) is nearly 5 times the median (58.9), driven by large national employment counts versus small subgroup rates.
• The middle 50% of all values fall within a relatively narrow band of 13.5 to 121.6 (IQR of 108.1), confirming that most observations are concentrated at the lower end of the scale.
• The dataset spans 16 population groups — including Arab, Black, Chinese, Filipino, South Asian, and Latin American — across 7 geographies and 4 age groups, enabling granular comparison of labour market outcomes.
• Correlation analysis confirms that employment rate and participation rate are strongly positively correlated, while unemployment rate is negatively correlated with both, consistent with standard labour market dynamics.
• Outlier detection across 566 unemployment rate data points identified anomalous spikes — likely linked to the COVID-19 pandemic period — with groups already experiencing higher average unemployment showing greater variability and more extreme deviations.